bsdiff and bspatch are tools for building and applying patches to binary files. By using suffix > sorting (specifically, Larsson and Sadakane’s qsufsort) and taking advantage of how executable files change, bsdiff routinely produces binary patches 50-80% smaller than those produced by Xdelta, and 15% smaller than those produced by .RTPatch (a $2750/seat commercial patch tool) – 直接摘抄自官网
详情可以查看bsdiff官网,存在这个详细描述.
高级锁的实现都是与futex实现相关
Futex是Fast Userspace muTexes的缩写
常用的锁都是通过futex实现的
graph LR
atom[原子操作] --> spin[自旋锁]
futex --> mutex[互斥锁]
futex --> rwlock[读写锁]
futex --> cond[条件变量]
#include <linux/futex.h> /* Definition of FUTEX_* constants */
#include <sys/syscall.h> /* Definition of SYS_* constants */
#include <unistd.h>
long syscall(SYS_futex, uint32_t *uaddr, int futex_op, uint32_t val,
const struct timespec *timeout, /* or: uint32_t val2 */
uint32_t *uaddr2, uint32_t val3);// 进入解析
long do_futex(u32 __user *uaddr, int op, u32 val,
ktime_t *timeout,
u32 __user *uaddr2, u32 val2, u32 val3)
{
int cmd = op & FUTEX_CMD_MASK;
unsigned int flags = 0;
if (!(op & FUTEX_PRIVATE_FLAG))
flags |= FLAGS_SHARED;
if (op & FUTEX_CLOCK_REALTIME) {
flags |= FLAGS_CLOCKRT;
if (cmd != FUTEX_WAIT_BITSET && cmd != FUTEX_WAIT_REQUEUE_PI)
return -ENOSYS;
}
switch (cmd) {
case FUTEX_LOCK_PI:
case FUTEX_UNLOCK_PI:
case FUTEX_TRYLOCK_PI:
case FUTEX_WAIT_REQUEUE_PI:
case FUTEX_CMP_REQUEUE_PI:
if (!futex_cmpxchg_enabled)
return -ENOSYS;
}
switch (cmd) {
case FUTEX_WAIT:
val3 = FUTEX_BITSET_MATCH_ANY;
case FUTEX_WAIT_BITSET:
return futex_wait(uaddr, flags, val, timeout, val3);
case FUTEX_WAKE:
val3 = FUTEX_BITSET_MATCH_ANY;
case FUTEX_WAKE_BITSET:
return futex_wake(uaddr, flags, val, val3);
case FUTEX_REQUEUE:
return futex_requeue(uaddr, flags, uaddr2, val, val2, NULL, 0);
case FUTEX_CMP_REQUEUE:
return futex_requeue(uaddr, flags, uaddr2, val, val2, &val3, 0);
case FUTEX_WAKE_OP:
return futex_wake_op(uaddr, flags, uaddr2, val, val2, val3);
case FUTEX_LOCK_PI:
return futex_lock_pi(uaddr, flags, timeout, 0);
case FUTEX_UNLOCK_PI:
return futex_unlock_pi(uaddr, flags);
case FUTEX_TRYLOCK_PI:
return futex_lock_pi(uaddr, flags, NULL, 1);
case FUTEX_WAIT_REQUEUE_PI:
val3 = FUTEX_BITSET_MATCH_ANY;
return futex_wait_requeue_pi(uaddr, flags, val, timeout, val3,
uaddr2);
case FUTEX_CMP_REQUEUE_PI:
return futex_requeue(uaddr, flags, uaddr2, val, val2, &val3, 1);
}
return -ENOSYS;
}但是我并没有搞明白futex实现的原理,造成难以继续分析, 因此只能分析别人的文档(注:不分析原理,只进行使用)
词法分析是编译原理的第一个阶段,词法分析的任务是读入源程序的输入字符,生成一个个的单词,其主要的功能是为语法分析提供词法单元
graph LR S1((源程序)) S2[词法分析器] S3[语法分析器] S4((符号表)) S5[输出之语义分析] S1-->S2-->S3-->S5 S3-->S2 S2-->S4 S4-->S2 S3-->S4 S4-->S3
使用flex学习正则表达式
